Putting your name on the birth certificate of your child does not guarantee parental rights.
Most LGBTQ couples spend upwards of $5,000 to go through the adoption in the United States. As always, Canada is about to make life that much easier for LGBTQ couples having families.Ontario introduced legislation last week that gives same-sex parents in Ontario who aren’t biologically related to their children the same legal rights as heterosexual moms and dads.Nor will people who are not legally considered parents have to live in fear they cannot make medical and other decisions about their children if a spouse becomes incapacitated.
Post marriage equality, a lot of people think this is true in the United States because both Mom and Mom go on the birth certificate.At the time of the birth of your child, you complete forms in order to receive a birth certificate and if you’re married, you may list yourself as “married” on any forms. As of July 2015, the Department of Health started issuing the original birth certificate in the maiden name of the birth mother and lists the birth mother’s spouse as “Parent/Father”.
But just because both names appear on the birth certificate as “parents” does not constitute legal parentage. In other words, a birth certificate alone does not confer parental rights and therefore, relying on just a birth certificate leaves the child and the parents vulnerable in a number of areas and circumstances.
There is currently a proposed Pennsylvania Assisted Reproductive Technologies Act floating around in Harrisburg but as of now, there is no statute governing parentage in Pennsylvania for children born through assisted reproductive technologies. Until there is, nothing other than legally forming the “child-parent” relationship through a kinship adoption will confer a parent-child relationship between a non-biological parent and his or her child.
Without an adoption, the parent-child relationship is exposed. If for instance, in the case of divorce the non-birth parent’s rights to the child and custody visitation could be challenged. Moreover, in the case of death, the child’s rights to inheritance could be challenged.
Through an adoption however, the couple received an Adoption Decree, and that document and only that document, confers a legal parent-child relationship, which accompanies with it many rights and obligations such as decision-making in medical situations, custody and child support and inheritance rights.
An Ontario Superior Court ruled 10 years ago that couples who use sperm donors and other reproductive technologies should enjoy the same parental rights as people who conceive naturally but it took over 10 year to get to this place where a 66 page bill is being introduced.
Don’t get me wrong; marriage equality has made family planning easier in some respects. For instance, you do not have to complete a home study, which if you’ve gone through one, they are very expensive and intrusive. All of my clients have resented having to go through the home study process. There are people giving birth daily to babies that are either mistreated and/or uncared for, yet LGBTQ couples have to endure people coming into their homes to verify its safety and obtain financial references to ensure that the couple can afford the baby. Another benefit of marriage, is depending on where you live you can file for a pre-birth order, which essentially formalizes the legal parent-child relationship “pre-birth” so that upon the baby being born, the non-biologically related person is automatically a legal parent. It is still a legal step but it is able to be done pre-birth as opposed to formalizing the parent-child relationship in a 4-5 month process post birth.
The money and energy LGBTQ families spend on legal paperwork and worrying should be going toward diapers and play time. Parenthood is an experience unto its own. To add a bunch of legal issues on top of that is a burden parents don’t need and legislation concretizing the relationship between non-biological parents and their children is long overdue.